The Mamiraua Research Institute of the Brazilian Ministry of Science said the dolphins' bodies were found in Lake Tefe, in the Amazon basin.
According to researchers, such a large number of dead dolphins is unusual and could be due to record high water temperatures in Lake Tefe and prolonged drought.
Scientists and activists are now trying to rescue the dolphins by moving them to lagoons or lakes outside the river's main basin - where the water temperature is cooler.
However, this is not easy due to the geographical distance. In addition, according to researcher Andre Coelho, transferring dolphins to other rivers is also not feasible because of the need to test for toxins or the risk of disease-causing viruses in the new water environment.
According to the Mamiraua Institute, this incident is a testament to the concerns of many climate scientists that the Amazon forest is being affected by human activities and severe drought.
The Amazon River, the world's largest waterway, is currently in its dry season. Many aquatic species there are being negatively affected by record high temperatures.
The heat also affects the lives of people in the Brazilian state of Amazonas - where the Amazon River flows.
Fifty-nine municipalities in the state reported below-average water levels that are hampering river navigation and fishing.
Minh Hoa (reported by VNA, Tuoi Tre)
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