Environmental pollution treatment in livestock farming

Hai Phong City currently has more than 2,300 farms and nearly 37,000 small-scale livestock households. The nature of this industry, especially in small households, poses a potential risk of environmental pollution, requiring safe and effective treatment solutions for sustainable development.

Livestock farm in Vinh Thuan commune. Photo: TRUNG KIEN

Prone to pollution

According to Hai Phong City Statistics, from the current number of livestock and poultry, it is estimated that each year about 399 thousand tons of solid waste are generated, including bedding, leftover or spilled food. Of which, the eastern area of ​​Hai Phong has about 86,330 tons of waste from pigs, 312,910 tons of waste from other livestock and poultry such as buffalo, cows, goats, chickens, ducks... The waste of livestock and poultry each year in the western area of ​​the city is about more than 1.5 million tons; of which pig waste is 1 million tons (66%), poultry waste is 0.35 million tons (23%), buffalo and cow waste is 0.15 million tons (11%)...

In reality, only large livestock farms have the conditions to invest in environmental treatment by installing large-scale biogas digesters that meet environmental treatment requirements; recycling waste and livestock by-products as raw materials for other production activities; using biological products to treat the environment; applying biological bedding to reduce odors from the farm... The majority of small and scattered farms and livestock facilities do not have the conditions to invest funds to apply closed environmental treatment models for livestock farming, ensuring a green and clean environment in livestock farming...

According to Deputy Head of the Department of Environmental Management (Department of Agriculture and Environment) Do Thi Huong, environmental treatment for livestock farms, especially pig and chicken farms, generates a large amount of waste, requiring high costs in environmental treatment. However, businesses and livestock households still have difficulty accessing preferential loan mechanisms and policies. Some farms have the conditions to invest in environmental treatment systems, but their operational techniques are limited, so they do not ensure the process and still cause environmental pollution. For small and scattered livestock farms, it is even more difficult to find solutions to protect the livestock environment due to limited funding, leading to a high risk of disease...

Poultry farmers in Tan Minh commune use biological bedding to ensure that their barns are always clean and airy.

Propaganda and replication of effective models

In fact, in some concentrated livestock farming areas, farm owners are gradually applying technical innovation initiatives and applying scientific advances to minimize environmental pollution from livestock farming activities. Ms. Pham Thi Nang's farm in Vinh Thinh commune previously used a concrete floor model and wet farming to raise pigs. Regular cleaning of barns puts great pressure on environmental treatment infrastructure and operating costs. However, recently, she built a barn with woven panels using Japanese - Danish - Korean technology. The barn floor is designed to be airy, and farm wastewater falls directly into the biogas tank...

Or the egg-laying chicken farm chain of Mr. Dao Huu Thuan in Mao Dien commune has 4 breeding areas with a capacity of 70,000 egg-laying chickens. The facilities serving the breeding are all invested in a large scale with a system of hanging cages and cages, a semi-automatic feeding system; the environmental treatment stage applies biological bedding and probiotics...

Hai Phong City is implementing the National Target Program on building advanced, exemplary new rural areas, in which environmental issues and livestock waste treatment are the main criteria. Therefore, livestock farming in a safe direction and controlling waste to protect the environment is not only a trend, but also a mandatory requirement in the sustainable development strategy of the city's livestock industry.

According to Deputy Head of the Department of Fisheries, Livestock and Veterinary Medicine Nguyen Manh Hung, the Department of Agriculture and Environment orients livestock development in accordance with the planning, focusing on building a livestock model according to VietGAHP processes associated with chain product consumption. Livestock activities must both ensure market stability and protect the environment associated with food safety; closely monitor the development of livestock and poultry herds in the area to prevent and control epidemics... The city has a mechanism to encourage and support livestock farms to invest in facilities, apply technical advances in production and handle livestock environments...

In the coming time, localities will step up propaganda to help people switch from traditional habits to raising livestock according to modern technical standards, minimizing the risk of environmental pollution. The city encourages farms and ranches to apply appropriate technologies and models such as: improved biogas tanks, biological bedding, exhaust gas treatment systems, barn management software, etc.

Some violations currently occurring in the livestock sector such as: discharging untreated waste; illegally building barns; raising livestock in residential areas; not declaring livestock activities according to regulations... need to be promptly inspected, monitored, warned and corrected by local authorities and management agencies.

HUONG AN

Source: https://baohaiphong.vn/xu-ly-o-nhiem-moi-truong-trong-chan-nuoi-519053.html