Financial autonomy helps highereducation institutions be more proactive in deciding tuition fees, increasing revenue from other activities, thereby improving training quality. With the mechanism of autonomy and accountability, higher education institutions improve the efficiency of using funding sources and transparent financial management according to the provisions of law; manage and exploit assets more effectively, increase legal revenue for training, and reinvest for development.
However, in the 3 years 2020 - 2022, due to the impact of Covid-19, most institutions did not increase tuition fees according to the Government 's policy. This humane action reduces the financial burden on learners and their families; however, it also creates challenges in maintaining and ensuring training quality.
The State budget for education is low and continuously decreasing, but tuition fees are not increased according to a suitable roadmap, leading to very limited revenue for schools, making it difficult to balance revenue and expenditure to maintain and improve quality.
According to the report of the Ministry of Education and Training , in 2023, the State budget estimate for higher education decreased by 24.6% compared to 2019. Actual expenditure from the State budget for higher education in 2022 was only equivalent to 0.11% of GDP and 0.6% of the total State budget, much lower than the common level of countries in the region and the world.
Of the total expenditure on higher education, the State budget accounts for less than 20%, much lower than the common level in other countries. This puts great pressure on schools to increase training scale and tuition fees to balance revenue and expenditure.
While revenue sources are limited, higher education institutions still have to implement some strict regulations in setting aside funds, such as: Scholarship fund to encourage learning is at least 8%, science and technology investment fund is at least 5% of total tuition revenue... Using and exploiting public assets for business purposes, leasing, joint ventures, associations, especially intangible assets such as intellectual property, brand value... faces many difficulties due to relevant legal regulations.
Lack of investment resources leads to difficulties in supporting lecturer development and modernizing facilities for training and research. In fact, currently the technical infrastructure, facilities and technology of most higher education institutions in our country are still weak, with a gap compared to advanced countries in the region and the world. Commercialization of research results is limited due to lack of support mechanisms, resources, facilities, finance, and professional staff to support...
The above limitations and barriers have been clearly identified by the Ministry of Education and Training and are expected to be removed when developing the Law on Higher Education (amended). In particular, to increase investment resources, it is necessary to develop and implement a public investment program for higher education; allocate resources for the task of training and developing human resources assigned in the planning, programs and development projects of sectors and fields.
In particular, it is necessary to gradually increase the proportion of the State budget spent on higher education... Clearly define the leading role of the State in investing in the development of higher education; supplement specific policies on encouraging the socialization of higher education, mechanisms for mobilizing resources from society for the development of this field...
Source: https://giaoducthoidai.vn/giai-bai-toan-nguon-luc-tai-chinh-phat-trien-giao-duc-dai-hoc-post739296.html
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